(1) The alloy steel mold is the material for the production of wire drawing die in the early stage. The materials used to make alloy steel molds are mainly carbon east-west steel and alloy east-west steel. However, due to the poor hardness and wear resistance of alloy steel molds and short life span, they cannot meet the needs of modern production. Therefore, alloy steel molds are quickly screened, and alloy steel molds are almost invisible in current production and processing.
(2) The cemented carbide die is made of cemented carbide. Cemented carbide is classified as tungsten-cobalt alloy, and its main components are tungsten carbide and cobalt. Tungsten carbide is the "skeleton" of the alloy, which mainly plays a strong and wear-resistant role; cobalt is the bonding metal and is the origin of the alloy's resistance. Therefore, compared with alloy steel molds, cemented carbide molds have the following characteristics: high wear resistance, good polishability, low adhesion, low friction coefficient, low energy consumption, and high corrosion resistance. These characteristics make cemented carbide wire drawing die With a wide range of processing adaptability, it has become the most widely used drawing die mold today.
(3) Natural diamond is an allotrope of carbon, and the mold made with it has the characteristics of high hardness and good wear resistance. However, natural diamond is more brittle and difficult to process. It is generally used to make wire drawing die with a diameter of less than 1.2mm. In addition, natural diamonds are expensive and the supply is scarce, so natural diamond molds are not economical and practical drawing tools that people are looking for after all.
(4) Polycrystalline diamond is made of carefully selected artificial diamond single crystals of excellent quality and a small amount of bonding agents such as silicon and titanium, and polymerized under high temperature and high pressure conditions. Polycrystalline diamond has high hardness and good wear resistance. Compared with other materials, it has its own unique advantages: because of the anisotropy of natural diamond, in the process of drawing, when the entire hole is in operation In the state, natural diamond will wear preferentially in a certain position of the hole; while polycrystalline diamond is classified as polycrystalline and has the characteristics of isotropy, thus avoiding the phenomenon of uneven die hole wear and out-of-round die hole. Compared with cemented carbide, the tensile strength of polycrystalline diamond is only 70% of that of commonly used cemented carbide, but it is 250% harder than cemented carbide. This makes polycrystalline diamond molds have more advantages than cemented carbide molds. The wire drawing die made of polycrystalline diamond has good wear resistance, uniform inner hole wear, strong impact resistance, high wire drawing efficiency, and the price is much cheaper than natural diamond. Therefore, polycrystalline diamond wire drawing die are now widely used in wire drawing professions.
(5) CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition) It not only has the smoothness and temperature resistance of single crystal diamond, but also has the wear resistance and low price of polycrystalline diamond. It is obtained in terms of replacing rare natural diamond to prepare wire drawing die tools. It has a very good effect, and its wide application will bring new vitality to the profession of wire drawing die.
(6) High-performance ceramic materials have the characteristics of high hardness, good wear resistance, strong chemical stability, excellent high-temperature mechanical functions and not easy to bond with metals, and can be widely used in the processing of difficult-to-process materials. In the past 30 years, because of the effective control of material purity and grain size in the ceramic material production process, various carbides, nitrides, borides, oxides, whiskers or a few metals have been developed. And the selection of a variety of toughening and strengthening mechanisms has greatly improved the strength, durability, and impact resistance of ceramic materials.
(7) Coated wire drawing die is a newly developed new technology, the main method is to coat metal film on the hard alloy wire drawing die. The metal film is a pure titanium coating, which not only has good smoothness, temperature resistance, but also has the advantages of titanium's wear resistance and low price. It has a good role in replacing hard alloy wire drawing die.
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