1 Mechanical polishing: Mechanical polishing is a polishing method that relies on the plastic deformation of the surface of the cutting material to remove the polished convexities to obtain a smooth surface. Generally, oilstone strips, wool wheels, sandpaper, abrasive belts, nylon wheels, etc. are used, and manual operations are the main method. , For special parts such as the surface of the rotating body, auxiliary tools such as turntables can be used, and the method of ultra-precision polishing can be used for high surface quality requirements. Ultra-precision polishing is an abrasive tool specially made with abrasives, which is pressed tightly on the processed surface of the workpiece in a polishing liquid containing abrasives for high-speed rotation. It is the highest among various polishing methods. Optical lens die toolss often use this method.
2 Chemical polishing: Chemical polishing is to make the surface microscopic convex part of the material in the chemical medium dissolve preferentially than the concave part, so as to obtain a smooth surface. The main advantage of this method is that it does not require complex equipment, can polish workpieces with complex shapes, and can polish many workpieces at the same time, with high efficiency. The core problem of chemical polishing is the preparation of polishing liquid.
3 Electrolytic polishing: The basic principle of electrolytic polishing is the same as that of chemical polishing, that is, the surface is smoothed by selectively dissolving tiny protrusions on the surface of the material. Compared with chemical polishing, the effect of cathode reaction can be eliminated, and the effect is better. The electrochemical polishing process is divided into macro leveling and micro leveling.
4 Ultrasonic polishing: Put the workpiece in the abrasive suspension and put it in the ultrasonic field together, relying on the oscillation effect of the ultrasonic, so that the abrasive is ground and polished on the surface of the workpiece. Ultrasonic machining has a small macro force and will not cause deformation of the workpiece, but it is difficult to manufacture and install tooling. Ultrasonic processing can be combined with chemical or electrochemical methods.
On the basis of solution corrosion and electrolysis, ultrasonic vibration is applied to stir the solution, so that the dissolved products on the surface of the workpiece are separated, and the corrosion or electrolyte near the surface is uniform; the cavitation effect of ultrasonic in the liquid can also inhibit the corrosion process, which is conducive to surface brightening
热门资讯
