Introduction of five types of surface treatment - supersonic spraying

       [Supersonic spraying] Ultrasonic machining: It is a method of using the ultrasonic vibration of the tool end face to impact the suspended abrasive particles in the working fluid, and the abrasive particles impact and polish the surface of the workpiece to realize the surface treatment of the workpiece. Ultrasonic polishing process: preparation of workpiece before polishing → manufacturing and clamping of polishing tools → preparation of polishing abrasives and working fluid → rough polishing → fine polishing Technical characteristics: 1. Suitable for processing various hard and brittle materials, especially EDM and electrolysis It can process non-conductive materials and semiconductor materials that cannot be processed; it can also process conductive cemented carbide, hardened steel, etc., but the processing efficiency is relatively low; 2. It can obtain better processing quality; 3. When processing difficult-to-cut materials, Ultrasonic vibration is often combined with other processing methods for composite processing, such as ultrasonic turning, ultrasonic grinding, ultrasonic electrolytic machining, ultrasonic wire cutting, etc. These composite processing methods of supersonic spraying combine two or even more processing methods. It plays the role of learning from each other's strengths and making up for the shortcomings, so that the processing efficiency, processing accuracy and the surface quality of the workpiece are significantly improved.















[PVD (Physical Vapor Deposition)] PVD: refers to a method of forming a metal or compound coating with special properties on the surface of a workpiece by a physical or chemical reaction process in the atmosphere. PVD process flow: cleaning before PVD → vacuuming in the furnace → washing target and ion cleaning → coating → cooling and discharging → polishing → AF treatment technical characteristics; 1. The material of the deposited layer comes from the solid material source, and various heating sources are used to make the solid material become atomic; 2. The obtained deposited layer is thin, with a thickness in the range of nm~µm (10-9~10-6m); 3. The deposited layer is obtained under vacuum conditions, and the coating purity is high; 4. At low temperature Generated under plasma conditions, the overall activity of the deposited layer particles is large, and it is easy to combine with the reactive gas to obtain various coatings; 5. The deposition layer is thin, which can easily control multiple process parameters; 6. Deposition















3. Semi-dry grinding: Similar to wet grinding, the abrasive used is a paste grinding paste. Grinding can be done by hand or on a grinder. Technical features: 1. Wet grinding is generally used for rough grinding, and the particle size of the micropowder abrasive used is coarser than W7; 2. Dry grinding is often used for fine grinding, and the particle size of the micropowder abrasive used is finer than W7; 3. In semi-dry grinding, the workpiece must be ground before grinding. Use other processing methods to obtain higher pre-processing accuracy, and the remaining grinding allowance is generally 5 to 30 microns. Common factors affecting the grinding effect: 1. Abrasive particle size 2. Abrasive concentration and feeding amount 3. Abrasive hardness 4. Grinding disc speed 5. Load pressure











[Polishing] Polishing: It is a processing method that uses mechanical, chemical or electrochemical action to reduce the surface roughness of the workpiece, increase the brightness of the workpiece surface, and achieve a mirror effect. Chemical polishing process: chemical (or electrochemical) degreasing → hot water washing → flowing water washing → rust removal (10% sulfuric acid) → flowing water washing → chemical polishing → flowing water washing → neutralization → flowing water washing → transfer to the next surface treatment process Technical features: 1. Polishing removes flaws, scratches, grinding lines and other processing marks left by the previous process to obtain a smooth surface; 2. Polishing can fill surface pores, scratches and other surface defects, thereby improving fatigue resistance, corrosion resistance resistance. Mainstream technology: 1. Physical grinding 2. Physical + cover grinding 3. Delayed crushing and polishing technology



















[Laser processing] Laser processing: also known as "radium carving", is a surface treatment method that uses the energy of light to be focused by a lens to achieve a high energy density at the focus, and is processed by photothermal effect. Technical features: 1. Wide range: almost any material can be engraved and cut; 2. Reliable insurance: non-contact processing will not cause mechanical extrusion or mechanical stress to the material; 3. Precise and meticulous: the processing accuracy can reach 0.1 mm; 4. Consistent effect: ensure the same batch processing effect; 5. High speed and fast: high-speed engraving and cutting can be performed immediately according to the pattern output by the computer, and the speed of laser cutting is much faster than that of wire cutting ;6. Low cost: not limited by the number of processing, laser processing is cheaper for small batch processing services; 7. Small cutting seam: laser cutting seam is generally 0.1-0.2mm; 8. Smooth cutting surface: laser cutting The cutting surface has no burrs; 9. Small thermal deformation: The laser processing of laser processing has thin slits, high speed and concentrated energy, so the heat transmitted to the material to be cut is small, and the deformation of the material is also very small; 10. Suitable for large pieces Product processing: The mold manufacturing cost of large-scale products is very high, and laser processing does not require any mold manufacturing, and laser processing completely prevents the slump formed when the material is punched and sheared, which can greatly reduce the production cost of the enterprise and improve the grade of the product; 11. Save data: Laser processing adopts computer programming, which can set different shapes of products to data, maximize the utilization rate of materials, and greatly reduce the cost of enterprise data; 12. It is very suitable for the development of new products: once the product is After the drawing is formed, the laser processing can be carried out immediately, and the physical object of the new product can be obtained in the shortest time. Classification: 1. Laser cutting 2. Laser welding 3. Laser drilling 4. Laser drilling 5. Laser fine-tuning 6. Laser heat treatment















[Grinding] Grinding is a type of process to achieve rapid thinning. The abrasive particles coated or pressed on the grinding tool are used to finish the machined surface through the relative movement of the grinding tool and the workpiece under a certain pressure (such as cutting).







Classification: Grinding methods can generally be divided into three categories: wet grinding, dry grinding and semi-dry grinding It slides and rolls continuously to form a cutting motion. 2. Dry grinding: also known as sand-embedded grinding, the abrasive is evenly pressed and embedded in the surface layer of the grinding tool, and only a small amount of stearic acid mixed grease and other auxiliary materials need to be coated on the surface of the grinding tool during grinding.